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Telugu (తెలుగు) belongs to the personal of Dravidian languages and is the official language of the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. These are besides of these among a Xxiii official national languages of India. 19th century Englishmen called it a Italian of the East as tons words around Telugu prevent by having the vowel sound. These are besides a third virtually all widely spoken language within India, next simply to Hindi and Bengali.

History
A origins of Telugu are not super clear. Telugu words come out in a Maharashtri Prakrit anthology of verse form (the Gathasaptashathi) collected by the number 1 century BC Satavahana King Hala. Telugu speakers were probably a older peoples inhabiting a land between Krishna and Godavari.

A foremost clear historical inscriptions within Telugu pop up just about a 7th century & known literature starts sustaining Nannaya writing the Telugu Mahabharata in the 11th century. There has been prolific literature ever since, however a golden age is considered by numerous to become a 16th century, under a patronage of the Vijayanagar Emperor Krishna Deva Raya.

A american part of a Telugu speaking lands come under the influence of Mughal rulers during & when a 14th century, and last per Nizams of Hyderabad. Ancient Sanskrit, Persian and Urdu influences show virtually all in the Telugu accent from either these regions.

Inside 1956, Decade Nizam territory & foursome territorial dominion of Rayalaseema were merged to a then-alleged Northern Circar districts forming the modern telugu vernacular state of Andhra Pradesh.

Classification
Telugu occurs as member of the Dravidian family of languages ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dravidian_languages#List_of_Dravidian_languages list]). Another languages in that personal come:

  • Tamil
  • Kannada
  • Malayalam
  • Tulu
  • Kodava

    A Chenchu language, Savara language, and Waddar language are tongues closely related to Telugu.

    For the particularization of the features of the personal of languages to which Telugu belongs, understand Dravidian languages.

    Geographic distribution
    Telugu is withinside the main spoken in the state of Andhra Pradesh & a trifle in the neighboring states of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Maharastra, Orissa & Chhattisgarh in India, however these are as well spoken in Bahrain, Fiji, Malaysia, Mauritius and the United Arab Emirates where there are large Telugu speaking exile. Telugu speaking Andhras keep close at h& turn into the big and successful Indian community in the United states [http://www.cs.sunysb.edu/~kiranv/telugu.htm].

    Official status
    Telugu is one of a official languages of India. These are a official language of the state of Andhra Pradesh

    Dialects
    A accent of Telugu identified by Ethnologue are Berad, Dasari, Dommara, Golari, Kamathi, Komtao, Konda-Reddi, Salewari, Telangana, Telugu, Vadaga, Vadari, Srikakula, Vishakapatnam, East Godavari, Rayalseema, Nellore and Guntur. Inside Tamil Nadu a Telugu idiom is classified into Salem, Coimbatore, Chennai Telugu idiom. These are likewise widely spoken inside Virudhunagar, Tuticorin, Madurai & Thanjavur dominion.

    Derived languages
    A idiom spoken in the area between Vijayawada (Krishna) and Rajahmundry (East Godavari) in which a number 1 Telugu scholar Nannaya Bhattaraka foremost wrote a script & more crucial works is considered a standard accent. Nannaya has given Telugu a character & the form of language.

    Sounds
    Vowels
    అ ఆ ఇ ఈ ఉ ఊ ఋ ౠ ఌ ౡ ఎ ఏ ఐ ఒ ఓ ఔ అ౦ అః

    Consonants

    క ఖ గ ఘ ఙ
    చ ఛ జ ఝ ఞ
    ట ఠ డ ఢ ణ
    త థ ద ధ న
    ప ఫ బ భ మ
    య ర ల వ శ ష స హ ళ ఱ

    Phonology
    Historical sound changes

    Grammar

    Within Telugu, Karta(కర్త) (nominative experience or even a worker), Karma(కర్మ)(object of the verb) & Kriya(క్రియ) (action or even the verb) watch a sequence. This is one of a many reasons how come Linguists classify Telugu as a Dravidian Language--this pattern witnessed around more Dravidian languages but not within Sanskrit. Telugu besides has a Vibhakthi(విభక్తి) (or even preposition) tradition.

    Telugu is typically considered an agglutinative language, in which certain syllables come added to the prevent of the noun sequentially to denote its pack:

    E.g., a declension of Ramudu (masculine singular) in the Sanskrit/Latin style would be: These agglutinations use to a lot nouns typically in the singular form & plural form.

    Nonetheless, in the analysis above, several extra suits were missed. A legal actions following come uncovered around couple Indo-European languages but come commons inside Finno-Ugric languages.

    Location

    Motion

    Morphosyntactic alignment

    Relation

    Inclusive/Exclusive Pronouns

    Telugu exhibits one of a quirks of Dravidian languages: the bifurcation of the Foremost Human Plural pronoun (i personally inside English) into inclusive (మనము; manamu) & scoop (మేము; memu) versions.

    Vocabulary

    Writing system
    Independent article: Telugu script A Telugu (తెలుగు) script is believed to descend from either a Brahmi script of the Ashokan era. Merchandiser took a Easern Chalukyan Script to Southeast Asia in which it parented a scripts of Mon, Burmese, Thai, Khmer, C"am, Javanese and Balinese languages. Their similarities to Telugu script can be discerned even today. Its appearance is quite similar to the Kannada alphabet, its closest cousin..

    Telugu script is written from left to right and consists of sequences of simple and/or complex characters. The script is largely syllabic in nature - the basic units of writing are syllables. Since the number of possible syllables is very large, syllables are composed of more basic units such as vowels (“achchu” or “swar”) and consonants (“hallu” or “vyanjan”). Consonants in consonant clusters take shapes which are very different from the shapes they take elsewhere. Consonants are presumed to be pure consonants, that is, without any vowel sound in them. However, it is traditional to write and read consonants with an implied 'a' vowel sound. When consonants combine with other vowel signs, the vowel part is indicated orthographically using signs known as vowel “maatras”. The shapes of vowel “maatras” are also very different from the shapes of the corresponding vowels.

    The overall pattern consists of 60 symbols, of which 16 are vowels, 3 vowel modifiers, and 41 consonants. Spaces are used between words as word separators.

    The sentence ends with either a single (“purna virama”) or a double bar (“deergh virama”).

    They also have a set of symbols for numerals, though Arabic numbers are typically used.

    Telugu is assigned Unicode codepoints: 0C00-0C7F (3072-3199).

    Examples
    ఒకటి - one
    రెండు - Two
    మూడు - Three
    అమ్మ - Mother
    ఆవు - Cow
    ఇల్లు - House
    ఈగ - HouseFly

    Literature in Telugu

    Main article: Telugu literature

    The Vijayanagara dynasty produced a very prolific set of poets during the reign of Sri Krishnadevaraya. Tenali Ramakrishna, Dhoorjati and Allasani Peddana were Krishnadevaraya's court poets.

    Sri Pothuluri Veerabrahmendra Swami (like his western counterpart Nostradamus) composed "Kalagnanam", the records of the past, present, and future.

    The famous Indian literary epic, the Mahabharatha, was translated into telugu over a period of a few centuries by Nannaya, Tikkana and Yerrapragada. Nannaya is also credited to have participated in formalizing Telugu grammar.

    A number of famous luminaries in classical Indian music called "Carnatic Music" wrote their works in telugu. Tyagaraja, Annamacharya and Kshetrayya are among a large number of contributors. Modern composers like Mysore Vasudevachari also chose Telugu as their medium of composition.

  • English Telugu Dictionary
    Contains three English to Telugu dictionaries. In Telugu.

    English-Telugu Dictionary
    Online version of 1853 translating dictionary by Charles Philip Brown, with more than 30,000 English words.

    A Telugu-English Dictionary
    Searchable online version of J.P.L. Gwynn's work, from the Digital Dictionaries of South Asia.


    Science: Social Sciences: Linguistics: Languages: Natural: Dravidian: Telugu






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